lecture-23嵌套结构
23.1 什么是嵌套结构
23.1.1 基本概念
概念
- 核心：
- 多件事构成的大的结构当中套了一个小的结构；
- 可能一个大句子当中，嵌套了一个甚至两个小的句子；
- 分析：
- 第一步：正常的断开长难句（断开+简化）
- 第二步：把断开的句子理清逻辑关系；
- 比如：一句话还没说完，就开始了下一个句子（一件事）
->此时就是一个大句子包一个小句子；
- 比如：一句话还没说完，就开始了下一个句子（一件事）
- 第三步：把大句子和小句子分别分析理解；
23.1.2 举例分析
举例
- The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of allthe data that our lives now generate.
- 第一步：数谓语动词
- is、should benefit、generate
- 第二步：标点、连接词
- who、that
- 第三步：一刀切，层层看
- 先看大句子：
- The great question is
->这个句子还没说完，下一个句子就开始了->这里肯定出现了一大包一小；
- The great question is
- 然后看里圈：
- who should benefit from the analysis of all the data
->who：表语从句
- who should benefit from the analysis of all the data
- 再往里面看：
- that our livès now generate.
->that 跟在 data 后背->补充修饰 data->定语从句；
- that our livès now generate.
- 先看大句子：
- 逻辑关系：
Pasted image 20240414225207
- 第一步：数谓语动词
- It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting affected workers’productivity
- 谓语动词：
- hoped -> 主动希望的 -> 谓语动词；
- would learn -> 谓语动词；
- affected -> 主动影响的 -> 谓语动词；
- 连接词：that
- 1、2 谓语动词没断开，分析主谓；
- it hoped they would learn -> 主谓主谓结构 -> 中间断开；
- it hoped -> 一件事情没说完，开始了下一个句子 -> 宾语从句；
- they would learn -> 宾语的位置缺了 -> 宾语从句；
- 逻辑关系：
Pasted image 20240414225818
- 谓语动词：
- If we are serious about ensuring that our science is bothmeaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutionsincentivise that kind of science.
Pasted image 20240414230326
23.2 真题演练
举例
- Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which ishow we often think of them.
Pasted image 20240415230458
- A few generative rules are then sufficient to unfold theentire fundamental structure of a language, which is whychildren can learn it so quickly.
Pasted image 20240415230657 - 从外往里看，逐层一个一个的看 -> 先看主句，再看从句；
- Researchers admit that their study does not answer thequestion of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR
Pasted image 20240415230926
- The most famous of these efforts was initiated by NoamChomsky, who suggested that humans are born with an innatelanguage-acquisition capacity that dictates a universagrammar.
Pasted image 20240415231111
- For years executives and headhunters have adhered tothe rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are theones who must be poached.
Pasted image 20240415231411
- Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employeeswhose attitudes vastly annoy the customers.
Pasted image 20240415231800
Google Analytics 提供数据统计服务